Combustion Chemistry

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Free-Piston Engines: A Possible Route to Hybrid-Electric Vehicles
Post, November 20, 2014 • A Sandia team is pursuing a novel route to hybrid-electric vehicles: the free-piston engine. So called because the piston is not mechanically linked to other engine systems, such as the crankshaft, the free-piston engine may provide greater efficiency than its conventional diesel and gasoline counterparts. Fueled by renewably sourced hydrogen,...

How low-temperature combustion enables cleaner, more efficient engines
Post, April 9, 2013 • If you ask a long-haul trucker or a European car driver what pump they pull up to at the fuel station, the answer will most likely be “diesel.” These drivers choose diesel-fueled vehicles because diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline engines. When burning tens of thousands of gallons per...
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Judit Zádor Elected Fellow of The Combustion Institute
Post, March 5, 2024 • Judit Zádor (8353), a physical chemist, has been elected a 2024 Fellow of The Combustion Institute “for exceptional contributions in theoretical chemical kinetics and innovations in approaches for automating quantum chemical calculations.” The lifetime honorific title of Fellow is a testament to active participation in the combustion field through publications...
Judit Zador

Lyle Pickett Named SAE Fellow
Post, October 21, 2013 • Lyle Pickett has been named a Fellow of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Established in 1975, the Fellow grade honors and recognizes important engineering, scientific, and leadership achievements to enhance the status of SAE’s contributions to the profession and to society. Lyle was selected based on his pioneering research...

Magnus Sjöberg receives SAE Oral Presentation Award
Post, December 20, 2013 • CRF researcher Magnus Sjöberg has received an Excellence in Oral Presentation Award from SAE International, formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers. This award, which was established to recognize outstanding speakers at SAE technical sessions, places Magnus in the top 5% of SAE oral presenters for 2013. Based on evaluations submitted...
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Measurements of Thermal Stratification in an HCCI Engine
Post, December 18, 2012 • Measurements of Thermal Stratification in an HCCI Engine As automotive and diesel engine companies strive to find more fuel efficient, environmentally friendly technologies, some have turned their attention to Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI). HCCI engines use fuel mixed with a substantial amount of excess air or recirculated exhaust gas...
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Multi-disciplinary Research at Work: Combustion Exascale Co-Design Center Established
Post, March 21, 2012 • Combustion research has never been timelier; in an era when resources are limited, energy costs are rising, and environmental concerns demand consideration, top researchers must find new ways to maximize efficiency while minimizing costs. Combustion accounts for roughly 85% of the total energy used in the U.S.--developing technologies to improve...
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Negative Valve Overlap: A Key to Controlling Lean, Gasoline Auto-Ignition?
Post, October 21, 2013 • By Richard Steeper The drive for cleaner, more efficient engines has pushed research toward low-temperature gasoline combustion (LTGC) strategies that offer hope of achieving mandates for ultra-low engine-out emissions. Such strategies typically exploit auto-ignition to avoid the high-temperature flames associated with spark ignition. However, this approach makes LTGC control a...
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New Conceptual Insights into Diesel Engine Fuel-Injection Processes
Post, March 12, 2014 • By Joe Oefelein By combining advanced theory and high-fidelity large eddy simulation, CRF researchers Rainer Dahms and Joe Oefelein have provided new conceptual insights that promise to improve the understanding and prediction of fuel-injection processes at high-pressure diesel engine conditions. Their results, which were corroborated by experiments performed by CRF...
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New Diagnostic Capability Provides 3-D Measurements of Turbulent Flame Dynamics Using High-Repetition Rate Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry
Post, July 24, 2014 • Capturing turbulence–flame interaction structure and studying time–history effects requires high-speed volumetric measurements performed at repetition rates sufficiently fast to resolve the relevant flow time scales. Advances in the CRF’s imaging diagnostic capabilities are overcoming these challenges to provide a more complete picture of the structure and dynamics of turbulence–flame interactions....
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New Methods Allow Prediction of Pressure Dependence in Chemical Reactions
Post, December 20, 2013 • Seeking to free researchers from a nearly exclusive dependence on empirical models, CRF researcher Ahren Jasper and Argonne National Laboratory researchers James A. Miller and Stephen J. Klippenstein have developed a set of theoretical methods for predicting the rates of collisional energy transfer that govern pressure dependence.1 Enabled by both...
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New Polarized-Depolarized Measurement Capability Extends Use of Raman/Rayleigh Methods to More Flame Types
Post, February 26, 2014 • By Robert Barlow Allowing single-shot measurements of all major species in nonsooting flames of simple fuels, such as H2 and CH4, spontaneous Raman scattering has been a key CRF laser diagnostic technique for fundamental turbulent-combustion studies. However, laser-induced fluorescence from soot precursors tends to interfere significantly with Raman scattering signals—limiting...
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Novel Spectroscopic Method Reveals Intermediates over a Broad Spectrum
Post, December 2, 2013 • CRF researcher Leonid Sheps has developed a new spectroscopic method, Time-Resolved Broadband Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (TR-BB-CEAS). The new technique is capable of following the time evolution of transient intermediates as they are produced and consumed in a gas-phase chemical reaction by monitoring their absorption of near-UV to visible light (300–700...
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Paul Miles Appointed Manager of Engine Combustion Department
Post, July 8, 2014 • Paul Miles On June 6, Paul Miles became manager of the CRF’s Engine Combustion Department, which focuses on building the science base needed by industry to develop new generations of high-efficiency, clean engines. He took over the helm from departing manager Dennis Siebers, who recently retired from Sandia National Laboratories....

Postdoctoral Researcher Oliver Welz Moves on to Next Challenge
Post, April 15, 2014 • Oliver Welz Oliver Welz, a postdoctoral researcher in the CRF’s Combustion Chemistry group since 2010, will soon be taking on a new challenge as head of a research group in chemical kinetics at the University of Duisburg-Essen in Germany. In this position, the first step to becoming a full professor...

Robert Barlow Awarded Combustion Institute’s Alfred C. Egerton Gold Medal
Post, September 12, 2014 • Robert Barlow (left) with former Sandian and current research collaborator Simone Hochgreb of the University of Cambridge, who presented him with the Alfred C. Egerton Gold Medal at the 35th International Symposium on Combustion. Sandia National Laboratories scientist Robert Barlow was awarded the Alfred C. Egerton Gold Medal at the...
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SAE International Honors CRF Researchers for Outstanding Presentations
Post, July 25, 2014 • Joseph Oefelein Solid technical work is great—but the ability to communicate effectively about that work is equally critical. To acknowledge the importance of good communication—and maintain a high quality of presentation at its technical meeting—SAE International established the SAE Excellence in Oral Presentation award in 1972. This year, two Sandians,...
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Sandia Engaged in Upcoming Combustion Symposium and Workshops
Post, April 29, 2014 • A number of CRF staff members are active in organizing the 35th International Symposium on Combustion. This biennial event, which brings together more than 1,000 scientists, engineers, and others from around the world to explore the latest developments in combustion science, will be held from August 3–8, 2014, at the...

Sandia Presented at the 14th Biennial Conference on Transportation Energy and Policy
Post, September 17, 2013 • Sandia participated in the 14th Biennial Conference on Transportation Energy and Policy on August 6–9 in Pacific Grove, California. This conference is organized under the auspices of the Alternative Fuels Committee of the U.S. Transportation Research Board and is hosted by the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis. This...

Scrambling molecules with light
Post, August 23, 2011 • Isotopic labeling of chemical compounds is one of the most powerful techniques for understanding how chemical reactions proceed. Adding an extra neutron to an atom’s nucleus [changing hydrogen (H) into deuterium (D) for example] doesn’t usually change chemistry, but the extra mass of the heavier isotope allows scientists to track...

Students and Professors Spend the Summer at Sandia under DOE’s WDTS Program
Post, August 20, 2014 • This past summer, the CRF was the research home to 11 students and 2 professors who participated in the DOE Office of Science's Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) Program. By allowing students and professors to conduct research internships at national laboratories, this program is helping to develop the...
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Uncertainty Quantification in Chemical Systems with Reaction Mechanisms Employing Rate Rules
Post, January 16, 2014 • A team of researchers—Jens Prager, formerly at the CRF and presently at the engineering simulation software firm CD-adapco; Habib Najm and Khachik Sargsyan of the CRF; Cosmin Safta of Sandia’s Computer Sciences and Information Systems center; and William Pitz of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory—have studied the impact of uncertainty of...

VFP Professor Balint Sztaray Continues CRF Collaboration
Post, July 24, 2014 • Balint Sztaray, a professor of Chemistry at University of the Pacific Over the past two summers and a sabbatical semester in 2013, University of the Pacific (UOP) chemistry professor Balint Sztaray and his research group have been working with the CRF’s David Osborn on a project to improve the selectivity...
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Results 26–49 of 49