Christopher R. Shaddix

Manager, Combustion Research Facility, Plasma & Reacting Flow Science Department

(925) 294-3840

Sandia National Laboratories, California
P.O. Box 969
Livermore, CA 94551-0969

Biography

Dr. Shaddix completed his PhD in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University in 1993. He served as a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Since 1995, he has been employed as a research scientist and, more recently, as department manager at Sandia National Laboratories’ Combustion Research Facility (CRF) in Livermore, California. Dr. Shaddix has expertise in oxy-fuel combustion, the combustion and gasification of coal and biomass, the formation and oxidation of PAH and soot, and the application of optical and laser diagnostics.

Dr. Shaddix has collaborated extensively with university, industrial, and government research partners around the world. He is a past member of the Board of Directors of the Combustion Institute and is an Associate Editor of Combustion Science and Technology and Combustion Theory & Modelling. Dr. Shaddix helped initiate and has continued to actively serve on the organizing committees of the International Sooting Flames (ISF) workshop series and the Coal and Biomass Conversion (CBC) workshop series. Dr. Shaddix has authored or co-authored several book chapters and over 70 publications in major, peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Research Interests: Laser diagnostics, soot formation, coal and biomass combustion and gasification, oxy-fuel combustion, laminar and turbulent flames, and energy systems analysis. Google Scholar

Education

Degree	Major	Institution	Location	Year Completed
PhD	Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering	Princeton University	Princeton, New Jersey	1993
MA	Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering	Princeton University	Princeton, New Jersey	1990
BS	Mechanical Engineering	University of California, Davis	Davis, CA	1988

Professional Organizations & Leadership

Combustion Institute
- Fellow: 2020
- Member of the Board of Directors: 2016 to 2022
- Member, Executive Committee, U.S. Section: 2013 to 2017
- Member, Executive Committee of the Western States Section [Reprints Chair, Vice-Chair, Chair, and Past Chair]: 1997 to present
- Member: 1989 to present
Tau Beta Pi, Engineering Honor Society
- Member: 1985 to present

Awards

Award	Year
CRF Bastress Award for Outstanding Industrial Combustion Research, Sandia National Laboratories	2012
Honorable Mention Technical Paper, 22nd Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference	2005
Richard A. Glenn Award, ACS Div. Fuel Chemistry, Most Outstanding Paper 207th National Meeting	1994
Luigi Crocco Award for excellence in teaching, Princeton MAE Dept.	1990
Grumman Award for excellence in academic performance, Princeton MAE Dept.	1989
University of California Regents Scholar, UC Davis	1986
Most Outstanding Sophomore Award, Phi Kappa Phi, UC Davis	1985

Publications

Quantifying the effect of CO₂ gasification on pulverized coal char oxy-fuel combustion Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2022-09-09 Publication ID: 80107

An Assessment of Current Understanding of the Greenhouse Gas Impacts from H₂ Emissions Published: 2022-08-01 Publication ID: 80098

Soot Temperature Distributions in Turbulent Non-Premixed Ethylene and JP-8 Surrogate Jet Flames Published: 2021-05-01 Publication ID: 78667

Soot Temperature Distributions in Turbulent Non-Premixed Ethylene and JP-8 Surrogate Jet Flames Published: 2021-04-01 Publication ID: 78296

ISF Data Assessment Published: 2021-01-01 Publication ID: 75103

Experimental datasets on soot formation in turbulent non-premixed ethylene and JP-8 jet flames Published: 2021-01-01 Publication ID: 75109

Analysis of laser focusing effect on quantification of LII images Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2021-01-01 Publication ID: 65642

Analysis of laser focusing effect on quantification of LII images Published: 2020-12-01 Publication ID: 72250

Pasteur?s Quadrant and Fundamental Insights into Oxyfuel Combustion Published: 2020-10-01 Publication ID: 71447

Computational fluid dynamics analysis of char conversion in Sandia’s pressurized entrained flow reactor Review of Scientific Instruments Published: 2020-07-01 Publication ID: 74102

Soot Concentration Temperature and Radiant Emission Measurements in a Turbulent Ethylene Jet Flame Published: 2019-11-01 Publication ID: 66487

Analysis of Laser Focusing Effect on Quantification of LII Images Published: 2019-11-01 Publication ID: 66488

Analysis of Laser Focusing Effect on Quantification of LII Images Published: 2019-10-01 Publication ID: 65643

Single-shot Soot Particle Sizing in Turbulent Flames using Ultra-High-Speed Imaging Published: 2019-06-01 Publication ID: 69274

Soot Concentration Temperature and Radiant Emission Measurements in a Turbulent Ethylene Jet Flame Published: 2019-04-01 Publication ID: 68055

Towards Consistent and Reliable ISF Datasets Published: 2019-04-01 Publication ID: 68331

Soot Concentration Temperature and Radiant Emission Measurements in a Turbulent Ethylene Jet Flame Published: 2019-03-01 Publication ID: 67511

Planar Soot Particle Sizing via Ultra-High-Speed LII Imaging Published: 2018-12-01 Publication ID: 60648

Single-camera, single-shot, time-resolved laser-induced incandescence decay imaging Optics Letters Published: 2018-11-01 Publication ID: 59859

High temperature gasification of high heating-rate chars using a flat-flame reactor Applied Energy Published: 2018-10-01 Publication ID: 58189

The Effect of Bulk Gas Diffusivity on Apparent Pulverized Coal Char Combustion Kinetics Published: 2018-08-01 Publication ID: 63986

An intrinsic kinetics model to predict complex ash effects (ash film dilution and vaporization) on pulverized coal char burnout in air (O2/N2) and oxy-fuel (O2/CO2) atmospheres Published: 2018-08-01 Publication ID: 63987

The Effect of Bulk Gas Diffusivity on Apparent Pulverized Coal Char Combustion Kinetics Published: 2018-07-01 Publication ID: 63379

LII particle-size imaging with an ultra-high-speed CMOS camera Published: 2018-06-01 Publication ID: 62476

Turbulent flame LII particle sizing via ultra-high-speed imaging Published: 2018-06-01 Publication ID: 62478

Planar Soot Particle Sizing via Ultra-High-Speed LII Imaging Published: 2018-06-01 Publication ID: 62763

Exploring the Dark Side of Combustion: Soot Optical Properties and Coal Char Reactions Published: 2018-05-01 Publication ID: 62295

A NEW METHOD TO COMPUTE THE RADIANT CORRECTION OF BARE-WIRE THERMOCOUPLES Published: 2018-03-01 Publication ID: 61291

The Effect of Oxygen Penetration on Apparent Pulverized Coal Char Combustion Kinetics Published: 2018-03-01 Publication ID: 61393

The effect of oxygen penetration on apparent pulverized coal char combustion kinetics 2018 Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, WSSCI 2018 Published: 2018-01-01 Publication ID: 61290

A NEW METHOD TO COMPUTE THE RADIANT CORRECTION OF BARE-WIRE THERMOCOUPLES Published: 2017-04-01 Publication ID: 56030

Validation and uncertainty quantification analysis (VUQ) of a char oxidation model 10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Published: 2017-01-01 Publication ID: 56031

A new method to compute the proper radiant heat transfer correction of bare-wire thermocouple measurements 10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Published: 2017-01-01 Publication ID: 56032

Kinetic modeling of the formation and growth of inorganic nano-particles during pulverized coal char combustion in O2/N2 and O2/CO2 atmospheres Combustion and Flame Published: 2016-11-01 Publication ID: 52071

Highlights of the 2016 Summer Laboratory Student Intern Program at Sandia National Labs Published: 2016-09-01 Publication ID: 52279

The effect of oxygen enrichment on soot formation and thermal radiation in turbulent, non-premixed methane flames Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2016-07-12 Publication ID: 45285

Oxyfuel Combustion: Basic Principles and Results from Small-Scale Investigations Published: 2016-07-01 Publication ID: 51390

The Effect of Oxygen Enrichment on Soot Formation and Thermal Radiation in Turbulent Non-Premixed Methane Flames Published: 2016-07-01 Publication ID: 51391

Measurements of soot concentrations soot temperatures and thermal radiation from a turbulent non-premixed pre-vaporized aviation fuel jet flame Published: 2016-07-01 Publication ID: 51392

High-Performance Computing Unlocks Science Published: 2016-05-01 Publication ID: 50064

Quantifying soot concentrations in turbulent non-premixed jet flames 2016 Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, WSSCI 2016 Published: 2016-01-01 Publication ID: 48779

Novel metal-organic frameworks for efficient stationary sources via oxyfuel combustion Published: 2015-09-01 Publication ID: 45360

Light Gas Separations with MOFs via Published: 2015-08-01 Publication ID: 45253

Efficient Light Gas Separations with MOFs via Predictive Modeling and Tuned Synthesis Published: 2015-08-01 Publication ID: 45049

Effects of repetitive pulsing on multi-kHz planar laser-induced incandescence imaging in laminar and turbulent flames Applied Optics Published: 2015-04-10 Publication ID: 42434

Soot Formation and its Impact on Flame RadiatioSoot Formation and its Impact on Flame Radiation during Turbulent Non-Premixed Oxygen-Enriched Combustion of Methane Published: 2015-04-01 Publication ID: 42988

Coal Combustion and Gasification Science Published: 2015-04-01 Publication ID: 43259

A sophisticated model to predict ash inhibition during combustion of pulverized char particles Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2015-01-01 Publication ID: 31884

Separations with MOFs via Predictive Modeling and Tuned Synthesis Published: 2014-11-01 Publication ID: 39465

Efficient Light Gas Separations with MOFs via Predictive Modeling and Tuned Synthesis Published: 2014-10-01 Publication ID: 38916

Understanding the complexities of enhanced oxygen high temperature pulverized coal char combustion Published: 2014-10-01 Publication ID: 38929

Understanding the complexities of enhanced oxygen high temperature pulverized coal char combustion Published: 2014-10-01 Publication ID: 38930

Experimental Determination of the Kinetics of Pressurized Oxy-Fuel Char Combustion Published: 2014-10-01 Publication ID: 38983

Efficient Light Gas Separations with MOFs via Predictive Modeling and Tuned Synthesis Published: 2014-09-01 Publication ID: 38538

EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE KINETICS OF PRESSURIZED OXY-FUEL CHAR COMBUSTION Published: 2014-09-01 Publication ID: 38358

Experimental Determination of the Kinetics of Pressurized Oxy-fuel Char Combustion Published: 2014-08-01 Publication ID: 38043

Efficient Light Gas Separations with MOFs via Predictive Modeling and Tuned Synthesis Published: 2014-07-01 Publication ID: 37922

The Multifaceted Influence of CO2 on Oxy-fuel Combustion of Pulverized Coal Published: 2014-01-01 Publication ID: 36970

CRF Summer Undergraduate Internship and Visiting Faculty Opportunities Published: 2013-12-01 Publication ID: 31777

Joint Temperature-Volume Fraction Statistics of Soot in Turbulent Non-Premixed Jet Flames of Ethylene and a JP-8 Surrogate Published: 2013-12-01 Publication ID: 31885

Effect of torrefaction on physical properties and reactivity of high heating rate char of forest residue Published: 2013-12-01 Publication ID: 31886

A Sophisticated Model to Predict Ash Inhibition during Combustion of Pulverized Char Particles Published: 2013-09-01 Publication ID: 35737

The Influence of CO2 on Oxy-fuel Combustion of Pulverized Coal Published: 2013-08-01 Publication ID: 35291

Effect of CO2 Gasification Reaction on Char Particle Combustion in Oxy-fuel Conditions Fuel Published: 2013-05-01 Publication ID: 33698

Evaluation of Light-Off Limits for a Novel Oxy-Combustion Process for Advanced EOR Energy&Fuels Published: 2013-04-01 Publication ID: 33143

The influence of CO2 on oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal Published: 2013-04-01 Publication ID: 33144

Numerical Validation of Tognotti Determination of CO2/CO Production Ratio during Char Oxidation Combustion and Flame Published: 2013-04-01 Publication ID: 33145

Experimental Considerations in Providing Benchmark Data on Pulverized Coal Ignition and Char Particle Burning Rates Published: 2013-04-01 Publication ID: 32948

ENG 505 Energy Technologies Systems and Applications: Coal and Biomass Combustion and Carbon Management Published: 2013-04-01 Publication ID: 33233

Pulverized Coal Char Combustion Rates in Different Diluent Gases: The Influence of Gas Diffusivity Published: 2013-03-01 Publication ID: 32524

Joint Temperature-Volume Fraction Statistics of Soot in Turbulent Non-Premixed Jet Flames Published: 2013-03-01 Publication ID: 32525

A mechanistic char oxidation model consistent with observed CO 2/CO production ratios Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2013-01-11 Publication ID: 28885

Pulverized coal char combustion rates in different diluent gases: The influence of gas diffusivity 8th US National Combustion Meeting 2013 Published: 2013-01-01 Publication ID: 33139

Joint temperature-volume fraction statistics of soot in turbulent non-premixed jet flames 8th US National Combustion Meeting 2013 Published: 2013-01-01 Publication ID: 33140

Advanced inactive materials for improved lithium-ion battery safety Published: 2012-11-01 Publication ID: 30787

Analysis of the errors associated with typical pulverized coal char combustion modeling assumptions for oxy-fuel combustion Proposed for publication in Combustion and Flame. Published: 2012-11-01 Publication ID: 26264

Coal Combustion Gasification and Beyond: Developing New Technologies for a Changing World Proposed for publication in Combustion and Flame. Published: 2012-07-01 Publication ID: 29214

Coal Published: 2012-03-01 Publication ID: 27377

Evaluation of the Distinct Effect of CO2 Properties on the Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Pulverized Coal Published: 2012-02-01 Publication ID: 26654

Development of an Improved Semi-Global Intrinsic Char Oxidation Kinetics Model Published: 2012-02-01 Publication ID: 26655

Effect of CO2 and steam gasification reactions on the oxy-combustion of pulverized coal char Combustion and Flame Published: 2012-02-01 Publication ID: 26656

Predicting the CO2/CO Production Ratio during Char Oxidation: Capturing the Oxygen Dependence with Semi-Global Intrinsic Kinetics Models Published: 2012-01-01 Publication ID: 25885

Evaluation of Light-Off Limits for a Novel Oxy-Combustion Process for Advanced EOR Published: 2012-01-01 Publication ID: 25795

Effect of Physical and Transport Properties of CO2 on Oxy-Fuel Pulverized Coal Char Combustion Published: 2012-01-01 Publication ID: 25796

Experimental investigations of pulverized coal char reactions with oxygen carbon dioxide and steam Published: 2011-09-01 Publication ID: 24437

Direct Measurement of High-Temperature CO2 Gasification Rate of Pulverized Coal Chars at 1 atm Published: 2011-09-01 Publication ID: 24438

Design of model-friendly turbulent non-premixed jet burners for C 2+ hydrocarbon fuels Review of Scientific Instruments Published: 2011-07-01 Publication ID: 21902

On the use of single-film models to describe the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal char Journal of Applied Energy Published: 2011-07-01 Publication ID: 23696

Effect of CO2 and steam gasifcation reactions on the oxy-combustion of pulverized coal char Combustion and Flame Published: 2011-07-01 Publication ID: 23697

Pulverized Coal Ignition Delay under Conventional and Oxy-Fuel Combustion Conditions Published: 2011-05-01 Publication ID: 22971

Research on Coal Combustion and Gasification Science at Sandia National Labs Published: 2011-04-01 Publication ID: 22443

On the use of single-film models to describe the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal char Published: 2011-04-01 Publication ID: 22508

Pulverized Coal Stream Ignition Delay under Conventional and Oxy-Fuel Combustion Conditions International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Published: 2011-02-01 Publication ID: 21534

Evaluation of Light-Off Limits for a Novel Oxy-Combustion Process for Advanced EOR Published: 2011-02-01 Publication ID: 21535

A Modified Single-Film Char Consumption Model for CFD Simulations of Oxy-Combustion of Pulverized Coal Published: 2011-02-01 Publication ID: 21543

Evaluation of the Combustion Rates of Lignin Residues from Cellulosic Ethanol Production Published: 2011-02-01 Publication ID: 21544

Pulverized coal ignition delay under conventional and oxy-fuel combustion conditions Published: 2011-01-01 Publication ID: 21252

Advances in Gasification for Biofuel Production Published: 2010-12-01 Publication ID: 21057

Effect of Particle Size on Oxy-Fuel Combustion Rates of Pulverized Coal Published: 2010-11-01 Publication ID: 20847

Understanding and predicting soot generation in turbulent non-premixed jet flames Published: 2010-10-01 Publication ID: 20325

Oxy-combustion of pulverized coal : modeling of char-combustion kinetics Published: 2010-09-01 Publication ID: 20025

Development of efficient, integrated cellulosic biorefineries : LDRD final report Published: 2010-09-01 Publication ID: 20304

Oxy-combustion of pulverized coal : modeling of char combustion kinetics Published: 2010-09-01 Publication ID: 20051

Thermo-chemical Conversion of Biomass and Coal: Research Efforts at Sandia National Labs Published: 2010-09-01 Publication ID: 20052

Effect of CO2 gasification reaction on oxycombustion of pulverized coal char Published: 2010-07-01 Publication ID: 19205

Fundamental investigation of NOx formation during oxy-coal combustion of pulverized coal Published: 2010-07-01 Publication ID: 19210

Combustion properties of biomass lignin residues Published: 2010-07-01 Publication ID: 19141

Effect of gasification reactions on oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal char Published: 2010-05-01 Publication ID: 18468

Effects of Particle Size on Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Pulverized Coal Published: 2010-02-01 Publication ID: 17305

Evaluation of effect of particle size on oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal 26th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference 2009, PCC 2009 Published: 2009-12-01 Publication ID: 16596

CRF News November/December Published: 2009-01-01 Publication ID: 15700

Advances in the Thermochemical Conversion of Coal and Biomass to Energy and Fuels Published: 2008-11-01 Publication ID: 15234

Evaluation of the irising effect of a slow-gating ICCD on laser-induced incandescence measurements of soot Proposed for publication in Review of Scientific Instruments. Published: 2008-10-01 Publication ID: 15151

Measurements of the velocity field in laminar ethylene inverse jet diffusion flames Proposed for publication in Combustion and Flame. Published: 2008-10-01 Publication ID: 15042

Effect of O2 and High CO2 Concentrations on PC Char Burning Rates during Oxy-Fuel Combustion Published: 2008-05-01 Publication ID: 13563

Effect of syngas composition and CO2-diluted oxygen on performance of a premixed swirl-stabilized combustor Combustion Science and Technology Published: 2008-01-01 Publication ID: 8633

Soot formation and radiation in a laminar jet flame of prevaporized JP-8 surrogate burning in air Published: 2007-10-01 Publication ID: 11616

Coal and Clean Coal Published: 2007-09-01 Publication ID: 11365

NOx formation in laboratory investigations of oxy-coal combustion Published: 2007-09-01 Publication ID: 11409

IMPLEMENTATION OF OPTICAL TECHNIQUES AT LARGE SCALE AT SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES Published: 2007-07-01 Publication ID: 10520

Soot: Giver and Taker of Light American Scientist Published: 2007-03-01 Publication ID: 9208

Ignition and devolatilization of pulverized bituminous coal particles during oxygen/carbon dioxide coal combustion Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Published: 2007-01-01 Publication ID: 7690

Simultaneous correction of flat-field and non-linearity response of intensified charge-coupled devices Review of Scientific Instruments Published: 2007-01-01 Publication ID: 10622

Effect of furnace operating conditions on alkali vaporization, batch carryover, and the formation of so2and NO in an oxy-fuel fired container glass furnace Glass Technology: European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part A Published: 2006-12-01 Publication ID: 6663

Effect of syngas composition on emissions from an idealized gas turbine combustor 23rd Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, PCC – Coal-Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development Published: 2006-12-01 Publication ID: 7571

Effect of Syngas Composition on Emissions from a Swirl Burner Published: 2006-08-01 Publication ID: 7688

Effect of Reactant Penetration on Inhibition of Coal Char Gasification Published: 2006-08-01 Publication ID: 7689

Structure of laminar inverse diffusion flames Proposed for publication in Combustion and Flame. Published: 2006-07-01 Publication ID: 7649

Flame height measurement of laminar inverse diffusion flames Proposed for publication in Combustion and Flame. Published: 2005-09-01 Publication ID: 6065

Effect of O2/CO2-firing on coal particle ignition Published: 2005-07-01 Publication ID: 5767

Interference of atomic alkali species with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of aerosols in high-temperature applications Proposed for publication in Applied Optics. Published: 2005-06-01 Publication ID: 5583

Characteristics and sources of intermediate size particles in recovery boilers : final project report Published: 2005-02-01 Publication ID: 4334

Evaluation of alkali concentration in conditions relevant to oxygen/natural gas glass furnaces by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Published: 2005-01-01 Publication ID: 4404

Effect of HBr addition on NO production during char oxidation at pulverized coal combustion conditions Published: 2005-01-01 Publication ID: 4405

Measurement of the dimensionless extinction coefficient of soot within laminar diffusion flames Published: 2005-01-01 Publication ID: 4406

Effect of temperature and CO2 concentration on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy measurements of alkali fume Proposed for publication in Spectrocheimica Acta, Part B – Atomic Spectroscopy. Published: 2004-11-01 Publication ID: 4157

Soot formation, transport, and radiation in unsteady diffusion flames : LDRD final report Published: 2004-10-01 Publication ID: 3764

Effect of varied air flow on flame structure of laminar inverse diffusion flames International Symposium on Combustion, Abstracts of Works-in-Progress Posters Published: 2004-01-01 Publication ID: 2850

LDRD report: Smoke effects on electrical equipment Published: 2000-03-01 Publication ID: 299

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